Envisioning South-South relations in the fields of environmental change and migration in the Pacific Islands - past, present and futures

Weber, Eberhard

doi:10.1186/s40728-014-0009-z

Bandung: Journal of the Global South

Table 3 Migration data and schemes for Pacific Island countries and territories

From: Envisioning South-South relations in the fields of environmental change and migration in the Pacific Islands - past, present and futures

Country	Sub-Region	Population	Stock of Emigrants	Stock of emigrants as % of population	Pacific Access Category (PAC) / Samoa Quota (SQ) (annual quota)	Unskilled Labour Schemes	Migration Opportunities
Country	Sub-Region	(2013)	(in ‘000)	Stock of emigrants as % of population		Unskilled Labour Schemes	Migration Opportunities
Cook Islands	Polynesia	15,200	28.4*	61.4%*			Full access to NZ
Niue		1,500	9.2*	75.6%*			Full access to NZ
Samoa		187,400	120.4	67.3%	1100	RSE, PSWPS2, SWP
Samoa		187,400	120.4	67.3%	(SQ)	RSE, PSWPS2, SWP
Tonga		103,300	47.4	45.4%	250	RSE, PSWPS1, SWP
Tuvalu		10,900	n.a.	n.a.	75	RSE, PSWPS2, SWP	Special deal with German merchant marine
Fed. States of Micronesia	Miconesia	103,000	21.9	19.7%			Full access to USA (COFA)
Kiribati		180,800	6.4	6.5%	75	RSE, PSWPS1, SWP	Special deal with German/ Japanese merchant marine
Marshall Islands		54,200	10.5	16.6%			Full access to USA (COFA)
Nauru		10,500	n.a.	n.a.		PSWPS2, SWP
Palau		17,800	8.0	38.8%			Full access to USA (COFA)
Fiji Islands	Melanesia	859,200	182.2	21.3%	**	RSE**
Papua New Guinea		7,398,500	61.2	0.9%		PSWPS1, SWP
Solomon Islands		610,800	5.4	1.0%		PSWPS2, SWP
Vanuatu		264,700	3.9	1.6%		RSE, PSWPS1, SWP
Timor Leste		1,066,409	n.a.	n.a.		SWP
Territory
American Samoa	Poly	66,692	45.7	66.7%			Full access to USA
French Polynesia	Poly	271,831	4.2	1.5%			Full access to France
French Polynesia	Poly	271,831	4.2	1.5%			(incl. French Pacific territories)
Tokelau	Poly	1,162	2.9*	65.3%*			Full access to NZ
WaIIis & Futuma	Poly	13,193	n.a.	n.a.			(incl. French Pacific territories)
Guam	Micro	192,090	48.7	27.1%			Full access to USA
Northern Mariana Islands	Micro	63,517	8.9	10.1%			Full access to USA
New Caledonia	Mela	252,331	2.9	0.9%			Full access to France
New Caledonia	Mela	252,331	2.9	0.9%			(incl. French Pacific territories)

Sources: for Population Data: SPC Population Data 2011 and Time Series from 1900; Migration rates and opportunity: Ware 200, information of emigrants: World Bank 2012 (except * Appleyard anf Stahl 1995); n.a. (not available) New Zealand government announced the “Recognized Seasonal Employer” (RSE) policy in October 2006 and it began in April 2007. Under RSE there are up to 8000 places available per year. Australia launched the “Pacific Islands Seasonal Workers Pilot Scheme” (PSWPS1) in Aug 2008, in September 2011 more countries were added (PSWPS2). The scheme ended in June 2012 and has been replaced by the Seasonal Worker Program (SWP), in which started on July 1, 2012 providing up to 12,000 places horticulture, accommodation providers, aquaculture venture and cotton and cane growers https://employment.gov.au/seasonal-worker-program.
** excluded for political reasons between 2007 and 2014.

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