Table 2 Descriptive statistics, all children aged 6–59 months—Yemen, 2013

Prevalence of stunting (dependent variable)

 Percentage of stunted children

42.60

 Percentage of severely stunted children

12.61

Distal factors (socioeconomic characteristics)

 Mother has secondary education

8.70

 Mother had no occupation in the last 30 days

44.11

 Female household head

3.60

 Level of poverty (Reference: extreme poor)

  Poor

14.77

  Moderate poor

27.55

  Vulnerable

18.68

  Non-poor

39.00

 Urban area of residence

18.85

 Topography (Reference: mountainous)

  Mountainous

41.81

  Arabian Sea coastal area

5.02

  Red Sea coastal area

19.57

  Plateau/Desert

33.59

 Access to agricultural land (Reference: none)

  None

53.43

  Owner + freely loaned

31.21

  Tenant

15.36

 Household raise some livestock

63.88

 SWF beneficiary status (Reference: non-beneficiary)

  Non-beneficiary

74.11

  Old-beneficiary

15.99

  New-beneficiary

9.90

Intermediate factors (environmental and maternal characteristics)

 Environmental characteristics

  Food consumption score (continuous)

57.00

  Number of days per week household members ate protein (continuous)

2.92

  Household members use bed net when sleeping

21.77

  Household has enough water for washing hands and members at least sometimes uses soap before eating or feeding a child, after using the latrine or cleaning a child’s faeces (Reference: Household has not enough water or never uses soap)

60.50

  Main source of water in the household is piped water (both inside the dwelling and inside the compound)

34.34

  Household members do not use improved toilet facilities: Pit latrine with slab as hole cover Pit latrine without slab/open hole; bucket; hanging toilet or latrine discharging to the open; no facilities/bush/field/in the open; flush toilet to outside the house or to unknown place (Reference: improved health facilities)

55.60

  Main source of fuel for cooking is gas or electricity—electricity is a residual category

55.11

  Household own at least one fridge

31.53

  Household own at least one radio and/or TV (Reference: does not own neither one)

70.54

  Household is located more than one hour from the nearest health facility

25.44

  Household size in terms of number of members (Reference: 1–4)

   1–4

8.15

   5–8

45.34

   9+

46.51

  Percentage of the household members aged less than 60 months (continuous)

26.69

 Maternal characteristics

  Maternal age at time of survey (Reference: 15–24)

   15–24

21.68

   25–34

48.81

   35–44

22.32

   45+

7.19

  Maternal age at first marriage (Reference: 10–14)

   10–14

7.95

   15–19

60.37

   20–24

21.17

   25+

10.51

  Mother had at least 4 antenatal consultations in her last pregnancy occurred in the last 5 years

23.08

  Mother’s nutritional status (Reference: MUAC < 21.3)

   Mother is not severely undernourished—MUAC ≥ 21.3

82.63

   Mother is severely undernourished—MUAC < 21.3

11.86

   Mother has no information on MUAC

5.51

Proximal factors (individual characteristics)

 Child age in months (Reference: 6–11)

  6–11

9.31

  12–23

23.69

  24–35

24.16

  36–47

23.70

  48–59

19.13

 Child is a boy

51.52

 Child has received third dose of pentavalent vaccine

66.55

 Child didn’t have diarrhoea in the last 14 days

51.09

 Child didn’t have any other health problem in the last 14 days

63.50

 Number of observations

4762